1. A Comparative Study of the Effects of High Temperature Regime on Cherry Tomato Plant Water Status When Cultivated in Different Growing Substrates Systems

    Dr. Andre Nduwimana1, Shen Ming Wei2

    1. Institut de Pédagogie Appliquée, Université du Burundi, B.P. 5223 Bujumbura, Burundi

    2. College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China

    Abstract:

    Plants vary in their abilities to resist damage due to various stresses. The degree of plant stress or deficit depends on the extent to which water potential and cell turgor are reduced below their optimum values. The aim of our research was to study the effects of high temperatures on tomato plants in different cultivation systems during the two first growth stages: vegetative stage and flowering stage. Our research objectives were to study the physiological responses of tomato plants subjected to heat stress and then evaluate the interaction of temperature and growing media on plant water status.

    In this experiment, it was observed that when roof ventilations were closed at noon, the greenhouse temperature could rise as high as 50oC. This resulted in serious plant injury and in certain cases, death of plants. Highly significant differences in water potential caused independently by temperature and growing medium (at dawn or at midday) were noticed in our study. Leaf relative water content was not significantly affected either by temperature or by growing medium. A significant difference in leaf chlorophyll B content caused by the interaction of temperature and growing media was detected. At midday, we noted a strong effect caused by temperature on air/leaf temperature gradient. Respiration and photosynthesis were seriously affected at relatively higher temperatures (Midday temperatures) as shown by the air/leaf temperature gradient.

    Keywords: cherry tomato, plant water status, air/leaf temperature gradient, DAS (Days after Sowing).

    Pages: 173 – 186 | Full PDF Paper

  2. Unitary Symmetry of Combinatorial Molecules and Mixtures. Part 2: New Medical Diagnosis as a Combinatorial Tool for Early Prediction of Disease

    Vladimir Komarov

    Department of Chemistry, St Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia

    Abstract:

    The set of chemical entities, each of which retains its general structure for all objects, composition and properties (characteristics), can be regarded as pure objects. All other objects are mixtures. Mixtures of chemical entities, as well as the individual nuclei, atoms and molecules, are classical combinatorial objects, which are practically not been studied in this paradigm.

    Abstract organization of combinatorial objects is a system of intersecting true homologous series. In such a homologous series of the combinatorial element a single object is replaced by another single but different element of the selected set of combinable components.

    Are not added, but replaced!

    Under certain energetic relations between the combinable elements for the two-link homologies in the space of physical and (or) the chemical characteristics can be observed phenomenon with simple unitary symmetry invariants.

    Such invariants system allows at very small number of experimental data to find the values of the parameter in question for the entire combinatorial set, i.e. It has great predictive power.

    As the components of the mixture can be regarded as reactants in chemical processes at any single moment (kinetic embodiment) and fraction compositions of various substances which are in equilibrium (steady) state.

    This article will review the basics of combinatorics mixtures and its application in respect of a number of biologically important fluids – blood, lymph and urine. This will in the future not only to construct the taxonomy of these compounds, but also to create an algorithm to determine the “composition of the mixture – pathology” in the very early stages of the disease.

    The main questions that you will find the answers in this article:

    • How to identify the patient on the composition the mixture components of sex hormones for a specific ag
    • How to identify the “norm” and “Pathology” on the composition the mixtures, hormons in the four environments – venous blood, arterial blood, lymph and urine at the earliest stages of the diseas
    • How to construct an algorithm for the selection of pharmacological agents for a particular set of hormones mixture components of a particular patient.

    Keywords: combinatorics, homology, unitary symmetry, conservation laws, mixtures, hormons.

    Pages: 187 – 205 | Full PDF Paper