Vol.2, Issue 4, April 2015

Isolation and Identification of Predominate Urinary Tract Infection Bacteria and Assessed Their Chemotactic Behavior in the Presence of Some Medicinal Herbal Plant Extracts

Zahra moradi, Majid Baserisalehi and Nima bahador

Abstract:

The Purpose of the study was the isolation and identification of Urinary tract infection (UTI) bacteria and the evaluation of their susceptibility against antibiotics. In addition, susceptibility and chemotactic behavior of isolated strains were evaluated against medicinal herbal plant extracts.

To perform the study, 200 samples were collected from the patients suffering from UTI. Then, the bacterial agents were isolated and their susceptibility were assessed against gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid, cephalexin, cefixime and ceftriaxone by disk diffusion method. In addition, Thymus vulgaris, Achilleamillefolium, Teucriumpolium, Origanumvulgare, Salvia officinalis, Urticadioica, Matricariachamomilla, Foeniculumvulgare, Allium ascalonicum and Cinnamomumverum were extracted using boiling water and ethyl alcohol (70%) and their antimicrobial effects were tested against isolated strains by Well Agar Diffusion method. Finally, chemotaxis behavior of some isolates evaluated against sub Arbitrary concentration of effective medicinal herbal plants. The results obtained indicated that Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria were isolated with a frequency of 80% and 20% respectively. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticus were predominant agents. Moreover, ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, and gentamicin exhibited more effectiveness. Out of all drug plant extracts, Allium ascalonicum and Cinnamomumverum had exhibiting relatively more antimicrobial effect against urinary tract infection agents. Our finding, concerning to chemotactic behavior of motile bacterial strains indicated that both herbal medicinal plants Allium ascalonicum and Cinnamomumverum eliminated chemotactic behavior of Escherichia coli, proteusmirabilis and Enterobactersakazaki. Hence, due to increasing level of antibiotic resistant bacteria, which causing UTI, some medicinal herbal plants such as Allium ascalonicum and Cinnamomumverum could be considered as a new source of remedy for treatment of the patients suffering from the infection.

Keywords: Urinary tract infection, chemotactic behavior, medicinal herbal plant.

Pages: 149 – 156 | Full PDF Paper

Essential Oil Compositions from Root and Rhizome of Zingiber niveum Mood & Theilade from Laos

Orawan Theanphong, Thaya Jenjittikul and Withawat Mingvanish

Abstract: The essential oils hydrodistilled from root and rhizome of Zingiber niveum Mood & Theilade from Laos were analyzed by GC-MS technique. A total of 28 compounds were identified. Major components of the essential oils from its root were found to be elemicin (60.97%), 3b-24-methylene-9,19-cyclolanostan-3-ol (17.67%) and pentadecane (12.73%), whereas those from its rhizome included elemicin (69.46%), pentadecane (18.85%) and a-pinene (2.56%).

Keywords: Zingiber niveum, Zingiberceae, Essential oil.

Pages: 157 – 160 | Full PDF Paper

Characterization of Activated Carbon From Kluwak Shell (Pangium edule Reinw)

Henny Rachdiati, Suryati, Gustan Pari

Abstract: Characterization of activated carbon producing from kluwak shells have been conducted. Kluwak shell was activated by steaming at 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes. Furthermore, NaOH was added as activator at concentration 1% and 2%. Commercial activated carbon was used as a standard. The characteristic of activated carbon which were observed including ash content, adsorptive capacity towards benzene vapors, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and formaldehyde and microscopic structure of activated carbon. The result showed that activated carbon without treatment with NaOH had an ash content less than 10%. Moreover, carbon content for all treated activated carbon and commercial activated carbon were 79.34 – 90.56%. The high absorptive capacity towards benzene and chloroform was shown by activated carbon which were steamed more than 120 minutes with value 14% and 21% respectively. Meanwhile, the high absorptive capacity towards formaldehyde was shown by activated carbon which were steamed more than 90 minutes with the value of 15%. All treated activated carbon showed to have higher absorptive capacity towards benzene vapors, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and formaldehyde compared with commercial activated carbon. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that activated carbon had pores if they were carbonated in furnace at 500⁰C.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Pangium edule Reinw, kluwak shell, characterization.

Pages: 161 – 164 | Full PDF Paper